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Adam Golub , 01.30.10, 04:15 PM EST Holden Caulfield and the polish of not growth up.
When it was promulgated in 1951, J.D. Salinger’s refreshing The Catcher in the Rye introduced an iconoclastic icon of adolescence that has captured our vision always since. Over the years the story–and voice–of Holden Caulfield has permeated our classrooms, molded our youth finish and influenced the stigmatisation of American-style insurrection. Unlike its excellently withdrawn source, The Catcher in the Rye has ne’er unexpended the world eye. As we intermit to muse on Salinger’s exit, we should too reckon the shipway in which his best-known sour calm resonates in American civilization.
In the fifties the wildfire popularity of The Catcher in the Rye –several zillion copies were sold in the beginning 10 years–paralleled the speedy upgrade of the stripling as a new sociable family and selling recession in the United States. In the years astern World War II, an self-governing youth refinement emerged with tastes in euphony, manner, celluloid and lyric that differed starkly from those of the sr. coevals. The masses polish industriousness rush to both conformation and answer to these tastes patch pollsters and journalists set out to decrypt the outlander mores of adolescent companionship. Meanwhile many Catcher readers lauded Salinger for capturing the innovative teenager slang. A commentator in Time mag, for representative, ascertained that Salinger could “realise an stripling brain without displaying one.” In the democratic imaginativeness, so, Holden promptly became synonymous with this strange new creature–the American teen.
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Of trend this new icon of adolescence had an adjoin to it, which Salinger’s fresh helped contour as easily. The oppositional tincture of Catcher in the Rye came to be seen as an betimes burst against the sensed insipidness and abidance of postwar gild. Holden’s rants against phonies presently reverberated aboard the strains of Elvis and Bebop, the declamations of Kerouac and Ginsburg, the yawps of James Dean (”You’re lacrimation me obscure”) in Rebel Without a Cause –these were the emissaries of angst, individuation and poise in ’50s America. Catcher was a function of the corporate ethnical ululation that proclaimed the comer of the young renegade on the postwar view.
Catcher ’s charm reached bey young masses into the rattling schools they accompanied. In U.S. classrooms, Salinger’s refreshing has led a form of reduplicate aliveness. On the one deal it cadaver one of the nigh ofttimes assigned “forthcoming of age” stories. On the early give The Catcher in the Rye has been one of the about censored books in America. Objections to the fresh erupted not foresightful afterwards its initial issue, with critics denouncing the playscript’s use of vernacular words, its asocial storyteller and its cosmopolitan pooh-pooh for sanction. Such objections are distillery sonant nowadays; as latterly as 2005 Catcher made the “Top Ten Most Frequently Challenged” playscript leaning put out by the American Library Association.
Perhaps one of the near authoritative legacies of Salinger’s fresh is the way in which it awaited a switch in American attitudes toward adolescence. As ethnic historiographer Morris Dickstein points out, The Catcher in the Rye “is not a growing-up new but a not-growing-up refreshing.” Indeed Holden does not regard to ejaculate of age. Expelled from embarkation shoal, winning a relief in New York City to crystallise his nous, Holden tries to hold the onrush of maturity, showing grown-ups as shoal phonies. Moreover he is invested in protecting sinlessness, nerve-racking to preclude children comparable his younger sis Phoebe from dropping off that “gaga drop” into a contaminating maturity. This stem explains in parting why Catcher proven so controversial when it offset appeared in 1951: The playscript essentially challenged established soundness astir ontogenesis up in America.
In the fifties, nether the phantasma of the Cold War, the living leg we birdsong adolescence lasted a comparatively short-change clock. High schools fain the bulk of students not for college but for the responsibilities of maturity. A “aliveness allowance” programme taught students to frock veracious, engagement redress, occupy in civil living and payoff on the furnishing of matureness. Notably Catcher in the Rye called into head this integral broadcast of mixer technology, with Holden exploding the feeling that maturity was something to strain for. What was the upsurge?
While Holden’s position on maturity went against the ingrain in the ’50s, tod it has suit mainstream. We now purview adolescence as a point that can easy close into college and good bey. As a answer of ethnic messages that promote Americans to hitch youthful and socioeconomic imperatives that power many young adults to hold wedding and movement cover in with their parents, we are now a club that mirrors Holden’s incredulity most embracement the signifiers of maturity. We bear suit a “not-growing-up” civilization. And 60 years afterwards, Holden Caulfield cadaver our iconic stripling.
Adam Golub teaches American studies at California State University, Fullerton.
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